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  • in reply to: Atmosphere detected around an Earth-like planet #67177
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    Europa has the best chance to harbor life of any place in the solar system. If we don’t find it there we probably won’t find it anywhere.

    I dunno, man. Life without the NFL draft? Would anyone really call that “life”? People aren’t thinking. It’s clear some perspective is needed.

    in reply to: WV! #67164
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    Some things, though, I don’t agree with him. There;s this kind of smug more pure than pure thing among some leftists that causes them to veer off into conspiracy theories. It used to be all you had to deal with was right-wing conspiracy theories. Now there are left-wing conspiracy theories aimed at the left. It’s not the same as it was 10-15 years ago.

    in reply to: The Star Wars 'superlaser' may no longer be sci-fi #67162
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    in reply to: measure the change, 2017 v. 2012 #67154
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    Is this what you want?

    That’s it right there. Thanks.

    So I will re-do the numbers.

    This changed quickly, but week 1 it was still 24 carryovers, which is 45% of a 53 man roster.

    They don’t list Barnes and Reynolds though, but Salas (and one other I lost track of) didn;t make it very far into the season so it evens out.

    Maybe Barnes was on the practice squad, but he is listed as being on the roster for 15 games here: http://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/ram/2012_roster.htm

    in reply to: Rams sign slot CB Robey-Coleman #67150
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    this defense still needs

    1. cornerback for depth
    2. outside linebacker (for depth)
    3. left defensive end

    I agree with your list and I would even list LDE as the priority of those 3.

    In fact…I would list LDE as the top priority of all their needs.

    However, that’s kind of said in a vacuum, since I really don’t know how DEs (ie. ones capable of playing a 3/4) rank in this draft against CB, LB, OC, WR, and TE.

    ..

    in reply to: Rams sign slot CB Robey-Coleman #67144
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    What Bills fans are saying

    http://forums.twobillsdrive.com/topic/193148-rams-sign-ex-bill-cb-nrc/

    TC
    Wade will make the most of his skills. He’s a good player. Wish we’d kept him, but I understand that the coach doesn’t like guys that are shorter than he.

    Jerky Beef
    Are they called the West Coast Bills now?

    billsfan89
    Not a big fan of the team letting him go, at worst he would be great depth at dime back. I know that he is short for his position but a lot of advanced metrics seem to have graded him out above average for his position. Considering that he was under a very reasonable contract and his performance wasn’t at all bad I thought it was a very foolish move to let him go esp considering the general lack of depth the team has at that position.

    LeGOATski
    Dann. Fun playre to watch. Great in the slot.

    Over 28 years of fanhood
    Cool. Guaranteed highlight play once or twice a season. Scrappy lil fella

    Mister Defense
    I always thought he played his heart out and did so with talent. He also seemed like a good leader

    Teeflebees
    Hope he does well out there. Always liked the kid.

    BuffaloBillsMagic1
    Guy looked good to me. Thought we should have kept him.

    YoloinOhio
    We don’t play them for a few years and NFC, always liked Woods and NRC so I’ll root for them

    in reply to: LA Times Rams mailbag, 4/8 #67143
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    Rams mailbag: Looking for who will become go-to receiver, how the offensive line is coming together and more

    Gary Klein

    Well…that was mediocre.

    in reply to: list of Rams FAs #67135
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    We just signed LB Carlos Thompson days ago as well.

    Good catch. I edited Thompson into the list.

    in reply to: Rams have signed 6-foot-5 linebacker #67134
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    Rams sign free-agent outside linebacker Carlos Thompson

    Gary Klein

    http://www.latimes.com/sports/rams/la-sp-rams-thompson-nfl-20170405-story.html

    The Rams added potential depth to their linebacker corps, signing free agent Carlos Thompson on Wednesday, the team announced.

    The 6-foot-5, 243-pound Thompson, 25, played as a reserve defensive end in college at Mississippi. He signed with the Houston Texans as an undrafted free agent in 2015 and played in two games. He was waived last August.

    Under new defensive coordinator Wade Phillips, the Rams are switching from a 4-3 defense to a 3-4 scheme. They begin offseason workouts on Monday.

    Last year, the Rams signed veteran free agent linemen Quinton Coples and Dominique Easley before the start of the offseason program. Coples was eventually released but Easley became a valuable contributor in rotation with tackles Aaron Donald and Michael Brockers.

    Paid Post WHAT’S THIS?

    in reply to: Trump 'became president by bombing syria' #67131
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    Lawrence O’Donnell makes a plausible case as he gives reason’s why there is a possibility that Putin orchestrated the Syrian and Trump attacks.

    I have to say, I don’t buy this one for a minute.

    Russia has a lot of national face invested in being a supporter of Syria, which it openly defines as part of its own sphere of national interest.

    I don’t think they sacrifice that to cover up what to them is a completely irrelevant, “no consequences either way” internal american election scandal.

    .

    in reply to: Browns wide receiver Kenny Britt trash-talking the Rams #67115
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    I’m not sure that sounds like trash talking to me.I bet he … is upset that Tavon is getting paid more. I other words, Britt may be jealous of Austin, and his big contract. Just my guess.

    And saying that out loud….is, trash talking.

    Not cool to make it public

    Agreed.

    .

    Still not trash talking to me. Just someone that is upset and jealous that is making it known. Again, THAT IS NOT TRASH TALKING.

    We;re probably just using the phrase “trash talking” differently.

    To me it means that regardless of the reason, he was openly insulting former teammates.

    in reply to: Rams sign slot CB Robey-Coleman #67109
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    Blue and Gold wrote:

    pefect name for his role: Nickel back. adds credence to Joyner to FS, I;ve watched this kid a little, a few years back, good nickel, can blitz and get there, good cover…not going to be an all-pro, but a role player than can play the slot, rush from there..and be a decent player. I’d see him flash in Buffalo, I watched quite a bit when Mario Williams was there and this kid would be noticeable in plays.

    This is a plus, I guess and Joyner at FS is a plus, too, not a fan of Mo as FS

    in reply to: Trump voters fear diversity #67108
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    Just stating my belief that there are many different reasons people voted for Trump besides “racism” or a fear of “diversity” which is all part of the equation.

    No one said there weren’t other reasons.

    The evidence, though, shows that in fact one version or another of racism was a significant and probably decisive part of it.

    in reply to: RT #67101
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    Okay I gave it a shot.

    I would draft it in the 5th round if there were no CBs there.

    I’m sorry, WV, you mean well, and I always enjoy it when you’re active a lot, and I always learn from your posts. I’m just a “tough crowd” on this for some reason.

    in reply to: RT #67100
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    Why invest the time? Because its fucking FUNNY. This guy is like John Oliver or Jon Stewart, etc. It…is…funny. And accurate. And he is ANTI-trump. Not every RT show is pro-trump.

    w
    v

    Okay if it’s FUNNY then I will give it a spin.

    But in russia you don’t give video a spin. Video gives YOU a spin.

    in reply to: Browns wide receiver Kenny Britt trash-talking the Rams #67098
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    I’m not sure that sounds like trash talking to me.I bet he … is upset that Tavon is getting paid more. I other words, Britt may be jealous of Austin, and his big contract. Just my guess.

    And saying that out loud….is, trash talking.

    Not cool to make it public

    Agreed.

    .

    in reply to: Browns wide receiver Kenny Britt trash-talking the Rams #67091
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    Former LA Rams WR Kenny Britt Calls WR Tavon Austin Homophobic Slur, Says He Feels “Betrayed”
    Kenny Britt took to Instagram last night to voice some opinions.

    http://www.turfshowtimes.com/2017/4/7/15222878/former-la-rams-kenny-britt-instagram-rant-tavon-austin-slur-betrayed-sean-mcvay

    ate last evening, former Los Angeles Rams WR Kenny Britt took to a live Instagram post in which he spoke disparagingly of former teammate WR Tavon Austin, calling him a “fag” and saying he felt “betrayed” by the Rams for not re-signing him.

    The live post was not recorded. TST has spoken to numerous independent sources to confirm Britt’s comments. Multiple sources suggested Britt appeared intoxicated during the video.

    Britt said that the betrayal was due to the Rams signing Austin to a long-term deal, something he suggested wasn’t warranted for an “average” wide receiver. After using the homophobic slur toward Austin, he casually remarked, “Whatever. I don’t know him anymore.”

    Perhaps ironically, Britt has a brother who is homosexual. The two featured on E!’s Hollywood and Football, a six-episode show focusing on various Rams and their wives. The show has not been renewed after dismal ratings.

    Britt also mentioned new Rams Head Coach Sean McVay, suggesting, “Nobody knows who he is.”

    t’s hardly a good look for Britt. To clap back at your previous employer and former teammates is petty and beyond unprofessional. To use a homophobic slur in general let alone in reference to a former colleague is pathetic.

    There’s plenty to consider here, both in terms of how central Britt was to Fisher’s tenure as head coach, his approach to developing the offensive roster and the culture that festered under his watch. It’s no surprise that Britt’s outburst followed Fisher’s departure. Britt’s off-field peccadilloes have occurred outside Fisher’s oversight. Britt has been arrested twice since being drafted, both occurring while Britt was a Titan after Fisher had been fired. Britt’s tenure in St. Louis and Los Angeles was unremarkable off the field, save for a sex tape with his wife he posted to Instagram in 2014.

    You also have to question the wisdom of the Rams to allow Britt to participate in a reality show given his priors as well as his mercurial personality. I’d like to think this is hardly the image they want to present as an ambassador of the NFL and their hometown, especially given that they’ve been in LA barely more than a year.

    Nonetheless, it’s a sad turn of events in the offseason. Here’s hoping Britt gains some maturity and wisdom from the episode.

    I’m not holding my breath, though.

    in reply to: RT #67089
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    RT is NOT monolithic. There’s good RT and bad RT. You would know that if you actually watched more of it.

    Why should I invest myself in it at all? I like my sources of info, which are very wide. In other words, is there any particular reason I should care? Especially since my first instinct would be to verify anything they say, which is a lot of work and time. So I don’t see the point in bothering. I keep saying there’s plenty out there so who needs em.

    I do know that russian takes on the conflicts in syria influenced some things I did watch, and I found it to be worse than useless…it was actually aggressively bad.

    We may just have to not see eye to eye on this. Or, I could have you poisoned. That would be very russian I think.

    Are all russians, like you, dedicated Seattle fans?

    Just curious. I don’t judge.

    ..

    in reply to: Rams sign slot CB Robey-Coleman #67088
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    from Bills release Dan Carpenter, Nickell Robey-Coleman

    Josh Alper

    Bills release Dan Carpenter, Nickell Robey-Coleman

    There are a few more free agents hitting the street ahead of the start of the new league year this Thursday.

    The Bills announced the release of five players on Monday, including kicker Dan Carpenter, cornerback Nickell Robey-Coleman and long snapper Garrison Sanborn.

    Robey-Coleman’s exit will save the team $1.65 million under the cap. He played every game for the Bills over the last four years and saw most of his time working out of the slot. Robey-Coleman had his ups and downs last year and found himself dropped from the lineup at times, but he’s done enough well to land a job in a league that’s always looking for corners.

    in reply to: RT #67085
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    You didnt watch
    it.

    w
    v

    You didn;t make a case for it. It;s the bloody Putin Russians. I think it’s naive to pretend that outside their own borders they turn into these apostles of free thinking and genuine news.

    There are all kinds of good analysts out there, for example, who have shown how much the BBC is agenda-driven. Why all of a sudden is Russian state-sponsored news escaping the same criticism we bring to the BBC?

    And not only is it of necessity tainted, it’s not necessary to even go there. There’s nothing they could ever provide that wouldn’t be provided better by others who don’t have a state-sponsored taint.

    We also wouldn’t recommend Radio America to people. Well there’s a reason for that.

    The Russians don’t stop being who they are anymore than the american agenda stops being the american agenda on Radio America.

    .

    in reply to: RT #67079
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    I dont care where it comes from. I wouldnt care if it came from North Korea or Mordor. If its good stuff, its good stuff. Why do you care where its from?

    Because it’s NOT good stuff. It’s tainted and deliberately misleading. And that is because of where it comes from. Russians have no investment in bringing real revealing news to us, when they don’t even bring it to themselves. They have an investment in their slant and agenda.

    There are all kinds of good analysts out there, for example, who have shown how much the BBC is agenda-driven. Why all of a sudden is Russian state-sponsored news escaping the same criticism we bring to the BBC?

    And not only is it of necessity tainted, it’s not necessary to even go there. There’s nothing they could ever provide that wouldn’t be provided better by others who don’t have a state-sponsored taint.

    ..

    in reply to: Rams sign slot CB Robey-Coleman #67077
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    link:http://www.espn.com/blog/nflnation/post/_/id/235141/rams-sign-standout-slot-cornerback-nickell-robey-coleman

    Rams sign slot CB Robey-Coleman

    from Rams sign standout slot cornerback Nickell Robey-Coleman

    Robey-Coleman joined the Bills in 2013 as an undrafted free agent out of USC, teaming with the Rams’ newest receiver, Robert Woods, at both stops. Robey-Coleman hasn’t missed a game to injury in his four-year career and has started 15 times, with 29 passes defended, five sacks and three interceptions. Two of those interceptions came against the Rams at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum this past season, one of which was returned for a touchdown.

    His presence could prompt Lamarcus Joyner to make a transition to free safety full time this season. Joyner, who has excelled as a slot corner over the last two years, was seen as a candidate to play free safety in 3-4 sets and move back to his role as a slot corner in nickel packages. But the latter might not be the case any longer.

    Robey-Coleman allowed a passer rating of 74.86 in the slot last year, which ranked second among slot corners, according to Pro Football Focus.

    in reply to: RT #67072
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    You can’t find that kind of thing, if not better, elsewhere?

    Without the taint of being a propaganda outlet for a right-wing authoritarian oligarchy?

    ….

    in reply to: Trump voters fear diversity #67066
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    More “studies”.

    “More shallow dismissive quotation marks in lieu of an actual argument.”

    Don’t mind me. Just bein a rat.

    But you DON’T have an argument. Just some overgeneralized shallow dismissal of studies you don’t like (and so don’t read) because they counter your assumptions, a handful of conversations, and then this blissfully sheltered conviction that what YOU see is more than just what YOU see.

    in reply to: U.S. attacks Syrian air base with cruise missiles #67059
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    The Morning After President Trump’s First Attempt at War
    Dispatches from D.C., where the war is made but rarely has any impact at all.

    http://www.esquire.com/news-politics/politics/news/a54368/syria-strike-trump/

    WASHINGTON—The city was quiet, wrapped in a stubborn spring rain on Thursday night, when the president* made war in a place for the very first time. The lobby of the Trump International Hotel began to buzz just a bit around 8:30 p.m., when word got around that two cruisers of the United States Navy had launched more than 50 Tomahawk missiles at a Syrian airfield from which, it was believed, the ghastly chemical weapon attack on the village of Khan Sheikoun had been launched. From The NewYork Times:

    “Tonight, I ordered a targeted military strike on the air base in Syria from where the chemical attack was launched,” Mr. Trump said in remarks at his Mar-a-Lago estate in Florida. “It is in this vital national security interest of the United States to prevent and deter the spread and use of deadly chemical weapons.”
    And, in the aftermath, we have begun to hear again that the president* was moved to being presidential again, the way he was when he read a speech to Congress without spraining his tongue. He was “decisive.” His tone had “changed.” There is such a great desire to validate this guy in the office that is supposed to validate him simply by the fact that he holds it that a lot of the people commenting on the actions taken Thursday night simply forgot that it probably was nakedly illegal. However, Senator Tim Kaine, who’s been trying to beat a new Authorization for the Use of Military Force out of Congress for four years, remained on the case.

    This, of course, will mean nothing to anybody. The drums are already beating. John McCain was on the electric teevee machine on Thursday proposing that we not only overthrow Bashar al Assad and his regime, but rebuild Syria. He used as his example how we rebuilt Europe after World War II. This is, of course, crazy. Nobody in the region would stand for that, not after our bungled monstrosity in Iraq. Constitutional niceties in this regard went out the window decades ago.

    As policy, beyond snapping back at Assad for the war crime he committed earlier this week, I don’t see how this makes much of any sense. We learned a new word Thursday night—”deconfliction”—which is fairly defined as, “Blow shit up without killing any Russians because that could be a problem.” I love the new jargon that comes along every time we decide to make war in a place. So it’s unlikely that we will be involved in a shooting war with Russia, which is a good thing.

    But I get a cold chill any time somebody tells me that we needed to fire off a few hundred thousand pounds of explosives to demonstrate something to somebody. On Thursday night, phantom Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and National Security Adviser H.R.McMaster were fairly clear that these strikes wouldn’t have any effect on the actual political situation in Syria. The president* has made war in a place for the first time. That’s all we’re sure of as another day dawns in Washington, where the war is made but rarely has any impact at all.

    in reply to: Trump voters fear diversity #67047
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    I read studies-of course I do-part of that has been my profession-but I know for every study on a subject there is an equally valid one out there. Its like competing expert witnesses in a trial.

    I have to say, W, that to me that’s a generalization, and, an empty one. It is simply not true that for “every” legitmate study out there there’s an opposite one. Want an example? Show me studies that claim the opposite of the several ones posted here.

    That’s the entire problem with the “I rely on what I see” approach. That’s just setting yourself up to not change your mind or not see certain facts. It also means ignoring what OTHERS see. Like people in this thread, ie, some people you know, who have directly seen what you say you haven’t. Do you listen to that with equal energy you expect us to use listening to you?

    Always, to me, the REAL discussion means sorting though all kinds of evidence to see what holds up.

    And the law is no guide here. You say it yourself, over and over. Law is not like science, or social analysis. In the law one finds out how to persuade people to accept a point of view. It depends not on truth but on the persuasive skill of an advocate, who yes has to sound at least plausible but also knows how to get people to buy in. It’s like sales, advertizing, and in a lot of cases, like religion too. But when I look around at the wide array of things I also see that there are ways of looking at things where the so-called persuasive skill of an advocate can be exploded as bs if what is being said does not stand up to real scrutiny. Scrutiny that depends on, and values, evidence and reason, not on the persuasive ability to get people to buy in. So what I refer to has nothing to do with what people want to hear, or how they feel…it holds up or it doesn’t.

    Show me direct evidence that there are valid studies rejecting what is being said here, and you know what? We actually can sort through it all and find the ones that have the better arguments. You can do that on many issues, including this one.

    So for example it is easy these days to get some people to buy into “islam is violent as a religion and so it itself is the problem, that’s what we are at war with, a religion.” Yet if you look around and actually examine the diversity of islam and the different situations it exists in, you find that that generalization is not true. The studies that purport to show the generalization is true do not stand up to actual, real scrutiny. So it doesn’t matter if someone can persuade someone to believe it, or if someone says, based on what they personally think is true based on their own experience. They’re still wrong. It can be shown that they are wrong.

    in reply to: Joyner to FS? #67044
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    jrry32, wrote:

    Joyner’s skill-set allows him to be an above average slot CB. However, his weaknesses limit him from ever being great in that position. For the same reason that I’d rather have Marshall Faulk at HB than WR. Faulk would have been a good WR, but he was an elite HB. Joyner’s weaknesses are quite easy to mask at FS while his strengths are all magnified. Joyner was an above average slot CB despite never being a great player with his back to the ball and being a bit too grabby in man coverage. GW valued Joyner’s versatility as a slot corner greatly. It allowed him to use smaller, faster personnel because Joyner could play the run like an extra safety in the box. But he’s always been a much better fit at FS. He’s at his best attacking downhill and playing with his eyes to the QB. It’s a position where he has the ability to be very good. Considering that we have a hole at FS, I’d rather play Joyner at the position that maximizes his skill-set.

    Our defense was among the best in the NFL each of the past two years at not allowing teams to convert third downs. I happen to think Joyner’s above average play is a big reason why considering that teams often look for their slot WRs on third downs. The Rams defense was fourth in 2016 (at 36.3%) and sixth in 2015 (at 34.7%) in the NFL in lowest third down conversion rate allowed

    Tyrann Mathieu is just under 5’9″. He’s less than an inch taller than Joyner. He’s one of the NFL’s best safeties. It’s absolutely silly to say that being 5’9″ or 5’10” is fine at FS, but 5’8″ is too small? Those two inches mean nothing against a 6’5″ TE. Rodney McLeod was a small guy too. If you have the balls, strength, and instincts, you can play FS.

    Joyner ran a 4.55 40. If he’s too slow to play safety, there are hell of a lot of good safeties in the NFL who were too slow to play their position. That Eric Weddle guy only ran a 4.56 40. Too slow to play safety despite being a five-time All Pro.

    in reply to: Russia reports #67043
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    ‘CBS News’ Unloads Trump Election Meddling Surprise Scandal

    http://bipartisanreport.com/2017/04/06/cbs-news-unloads-trump-election-meddling-surprise-scandal-hes-busted/

    CBS News is reporting that they have obtained information on evidence pointing to Trump campaign operatives being involved with the Russian election meddling operation as early as March 2016, before the major parties’ respective primary seasons had even concluded.

    The new CBS report states:

    ‘CBS News has learned that U.S. investigators are looking into whether Trump campaign representatives had a role in helping Russian intelligence as it carried out cyberattacks on the Democratic National Committee and other political targets in March 2016.’

    As CBS goes on to explain, this new information points to the investigation into the Trump campaign’s ties to Russia going deeper and farther back than originally reported.

    Indeed, although Roger Stone and Carter Page, both disgraced Trump advisers, had contact with Russian operatives after March 2016, this new information suggests that there was collusion between Trump and the Russians before that time. The distinction is important for the effort to distinguish whether or not the Trump campaign “unwittingly” helped the Russians along or whether it was an intentional effort from the start.

    In March 2016, as mentioned, the primary season in both of the nation’s two major political parties was still technically underway.

    CBS says that March 2016 is also when a “declassified intelligence assessment” says that Russian hackers “began cyber operations aimed at the U.S. election.” That same assessment apparently goes on to report that these Russian hackers stole “large volumes of data from the DNC” in May of 2016. That information was then first posted online in June 2016.

    The question then is what level, if any, of cooperation took place between the Trump campaign and the Russian hackers behind the thefts of data from the DNC. The data that was stolen included tens of thousands of private emails from figures including the now resigned head of the Democratic National Committee Debbie Wasserman Schultz and Hillary Clinton campaign chairman John Podesta.

    Mark Warner, a Democratic U.S. Senator from Virginia, termed what the Russians did with that information as having “weaponized” it while speaking earlier this week at a hearing of the U.S. Senate Intelligence Committee on the Russian election meddling. The Russians employed tens of thousands of individuals for the purposes of spreading sensationalized tidbits of the stolen information online, tidbits which eventually compounded into a “disinformation” force strong enough to sink the Hillary Clinton presidential campaign.

    CBS says that part of the FBI’s ongoing investigation into Russia’s meddling in the 2016 election will seek to uncover who paid those professional trolls.

    Trump and his team certainly haven’t done anything to help their case, seeing as sitting U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions and the disgraced and now resigned presidential National Security Adviser Michael Flynn have both been ratted out as having lied about meeting with Russian Ambassador to the United States Sergei Kisylak in the months ahead of Election Day 2016. Kisylak is a known intelligence gatherer for the Russians.

    Other strikes against the Trump campaign include a secret meeting that Trump campaign staffer Carter Page had with still unidentified Russian individuals in June of 2016, along with an August 2016 tweet from Roger Stone which suggested that he had been tipped off as to or was otherwise aware of the content of the material stolen from the Democrats.

    in reply to: RIP Don Rickles #67042
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    in reply to: Trump voters fear diversity #67039
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    DEMOCRATS ARE WRONG: TRUMP SUPPORTERS WERE MORE MOTIVATED BY RACISM THAN ECONOMIC ISSUES

    https://theintercept.com/2017/04/06/top-democrats-are-wrong-trump-supporters-were-more-motivated-by-racism-than-economic-issues/

    IT ISN’T ONLY Republicans, it seems, who traffic in alternative facts. Since Donald Trump’s shock election victory, leading Democrats have worked hard to convince themselves, and the rest of us, that his triumph had less to do with racism and much more to do with economic anxiety — despite almost all of the available evidence suggesting otherwise.

    Consider Bernie Sanders, de facto leader of the #Resistance. “Some people think that the people who voted for Trump are racists and sexists and homophobes and deplorable folks,” he said at a rally in Boston on Friday, alongside fellow progressive senator Elizabeth Warren. “I don’t agree.” Writing in the New York Times three days after the election last November, the senator from Vermont claimed Trump voters were “expressing their fierce opposition to an economic and political system that puts wealthy and corporate interests over their own”.

    Warren agrees with him. “There were millions of people across this country who voted for [Trump] not because of his bigotry, but in spite of that bigotry” because the system is “not working for them economically,” the Massachusetts senator told MSNBC last year.

    Both Sanders and Warren seem much keener to lay the blame at the door of the dysfunctional Democratic Party and an ailing economy than at the feet of racist Republican voters. Their deflection isn’t surprising. Nor is their coddling of those who happily embraced an openly xenophobic candidate. Look, I get it. It’s difficult to accept that millions of your fellow citizens harbor what political scientists have identified as “racial resentment.” The reluctance to acknowledge that bigotry, and tolerance of bigotry, is still so widespread in society is understandable. From an electoral perspective too, why would senior members of the Democratic leadership want to alienate millions of voters by dismissing them as racist bigots?

    Facts, however, as a rather more illustrious predecessor of President Trump once remarked, “are stubborn things.” Interestingly, on the very same day that Sanders offered his evidence-free defense of Trump voters in Boston, the latest data from the American National Election Studies (ANES) was released.

    Philip Klinkner, a political scientist at Hamilton College and an expert on race relations, has pored over this ANES data and tells me that “whether it’s good politics to say so or not, the evidence from the 2016 election is very clear that attitudes about blacks, immigrants, and Muslims were a key component of Trump’s appeal.” For example, he says, “in 2016 Trump did worse than Mitt Romney among voters with low and moderate levels of racial resentment, but much better among those with high levels of resentment.”

    The new ANES data only confirms what a plethora of studies have told us since the start of the presidential campaign: the race was about race. Klinkner himself grabbed headlines last summer when he revealed that the best way to identify a Trump supporter in the U.S. was to ask “just one simple question: is Barack Obama a Muslim?” Because, he said, “if they are white and the answer is yes, 89 percent of the time that person will have a higher opinion of Trump than Clinton.” This is economic anxiety? Really?

    Other surveys and polls of Trump voters found “a strong relationship between anti-black attitudes and support for Trump”; Trump supporters being “more likely to describe African Americans as ‘criminal,’ ‘unintelligent,’ ‘lazy’ and ‘violent’”; more likely to believe “people of color are taking white jobs”; and a “majority” of them rating blacks “as less evolved than whites.” Sorry, but how can any of these prejudices be blamed on free trade or low wages?

    For Sanders, Warren and others on the left, the economy is what matters most and class is everything. Yet the empirical evidence just isn’t there to support them. Yes Trump won a (big) majority of non-college-educated whites, but he also won a majority of college-educated whites, too. He won more young white voters than Clinton did and also a majority of white women; he managed to win white votes regardless of age, gender, income or education. Class wasn’t everything in 2016. In a recent essay in The Nation, analysts Sean McElwee and Jason McDaniel point out that “income predicted support for McCain and Romney, but not Trump.” Their conclusion? “Racial identity and attitudes have further displaced class as the central battleground of American politics.”

    Their view is backed by a detailed Gallup analysis of interviews with a whopping 125,000 Americans, which found that Trump supporters, far from being the “left behind” or the losers of globalization, “earn relatively high household incomes and are no less likely to be unemployed or exposed to competition through trade or immigration.” The “bottom line” for Gallup’s senior economist Jonathan Rothwell? “Trump’s popularity cannot be neatly linked to economic hardship.”

    Look, if you still believe that Trump’s appeal was rooted in economic, and not racial, anxiety, ask yourself the following questions: Why did a majority of Americans earning less than $50,000 a year vote for Clinton, not Trump, according to the exit polls? Why, in the key Rust Belt swing states of Michigan, Wisconsin and Pennsylvania, did most voters who cited the economy as “the most important issue facing the country” opt for Hillary over the Donald? And why didn’t black or Latino working class voters flock to Trump with the same fervor as white working class voters? Or does their economic insecurity not count?

    To be clear, no one is saying there weren’t any legitimate economic grievances in Trumpland, nor is anyone claiming that the economy played no role whatsoever. The point, however, is that it wasn’t the major motivating factor for most Trump voters — or, at least, that’s what we learn when we bother to study those voters. Race trumped economics.

    Defenders of the economy narrative have a “gotcha” question of their own: how can racial resentment have motivated Trump supporters when so many of them voted for Barack Obama, across the Rust Belt, in 2008 and 2012? “They’re not racists,” filmmaker Michael Moore passionately argued last November. “They twice voted for a man whose middle name is Hussein.”

    Klinkner, though, gives short shrift to this argument. First, he tells me, “most of them didn’t vote for Obama. There weren’t many vote switchers between 2012 and 2016.” Second, “working class whites shifted to Trump less because they were working class than because they were white.” Klinkner points out that in 2016, Clinton, unlike Obama, faced a Republican candidate who “pushed the buttons of race and nativism in open and explicit ways that John McCain and Mitt Romney were unwilling or unable to do.”

    If Democrats are going to have any chance of winning back the White House in 2020, they have to understand why they lost in 2016, and that understanding has to be based on facts and figures, however inconvenient or awkward. The Sanders/Warren/Moore wing of the party is right to focus on fair trade and income equality; the calls for higher wages and better regulation are morally and economically correct. What they are not, however, is some sort of silver bullet to solve the issue of racism. As the University of California’s Michael Tesler, author of “Post-Racial or Most-Racial? Race and Politics in the Obama Era,” has pointed out, the “evidence suggests that racial resentment is driving economic anxiety, not the other way around.”

    Always remember: You have to identify the disease before you can begin work on a cure. In the case of support for Donald Trump, the results are in: It isn’t the economy. It’s the racism, stupid.

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